2023/12/26 by Estela Calatayud, Bárbara Oliván‐Blázquez, Marta Sánchez Peña +2 · 1 voice
Medicine · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Activities of daily living #Biopsychosocial model #Clinical psychology #Cognition #Cognitive skill #Cognitive training #Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research #Down syndrome and intellectual disability research #Gerontology #Intellectual disability #Intervention (counseling) #Medicine #Population #Psychiatry #Psychological intervention #Psychology #Technology Use by Older Adults #Wilcoxon signed-rank test
paper · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112352
openalex publication_date 2023/12/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The global population is experiencing accelerated biopsychosocial aging. Cognitive impairment is frequently associated with functional impairment in basic and instrumental daily living activities. To maintain optimal cognitive and functional functioning, health professionals recommend that older adults participate in cognitive training. This study examines the cognitive and functional evolution of older adults with and without Intellectual Disability and the factors associated with favourable evolution following the intervention of a multicomponent programme based on the human occupational model and the person-centred care model. 247 people participated. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed to examine baseline data. The Wilcoxon paired samples test was used to compare cognitive and functional evolution one year after the intervention. Linear regression was used to detect factors predicting favourable evolution. Both populations improved cognitively. There was no change in basic activities of daily living. There was an improvement in instrumental activities of daily living in the group with Intellectual Disability. None of the variables collected was a predictor of greater improvement. This study demonstrated that older people with Intellectual Disability who have supports to cope with this life stage can improve their cognitive and functional abilities. • Multicomponent programs improve cognitive and functional performance in ID. • Improvements in attention, memory and praxis lead to improvements in IADL. • It is necessary to enhance language and numeracy training to improve other IADLs. • Adaptive skills training and individualized support is essential in ID. • The supports must be made by professionals with a deep knowledge of ID and aging.