Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution
2018/10/30 by Hylke E. Beck, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Tim R. McVicar +3 · 1 voice · 52 citations
Earth and Planetary Sciences · Environmental Science · #Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics #Climate variability and models #Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/sdata.2018.214
openalex publication_date 2018/10/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/02
Abstract
We present new global maps of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification at an unprecedented 1-km resolution for the present-day (1980-2016) and for projected future conditions (2071-2100) under climate change. The present-day map is derived from an ensemble of four high-resolution, topographically-corrected climatic maps. The future map is derived from an ensemble of 32 climate model projections (scenario RCP8.5), by superimposing the projected climate change anomaly on the baseline high-resolution climatic maps. For both time periods we calculate confidence levels from the ensemble spread, providing valuable indications of the reliability of the classifications. The new maps exhibit a higher classification accuracy and substantially more detail than previous maps, particularly in regions with sharp spatial or elevation gradients. We anticipate the new maps will be useful for numerous applications, including species and vegetation distribution modeling. The new maps including the associated confidence maps are freely available via www.gloh2o.org/koppen.
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