From foes to friends? Fighting against women’s ‘half-citizenship’ through gender-mainstreaming citizenship

2026/01/22 by Raquel Santos Fernandes, Isabel Estrada Carvalhais · 1 voice
Social Sciences · #Turkey's Politics and Society #Gender Politics and Representation #Gender, Security, and Conflict

paper · pdf · doi:10.1080/1070289x.2026.2617779

openalex publication_date 2026/01/22 · openalex created_date 2026/01/23 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01

Abstract

As a complex concept, translating the formal and practical relationship between individuals and the state, citizenship reveals gender-based foundations. A clear result of this foundationalist division of human nature was the exclusion of women from the public sphere. This article theorizes gender-blind citizenship as a long-standing problem of women’s ‘half-citizenship’ system. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with women in Turkey, this study proposes to analyzes women’s citizenship from three angles: full access to democracy, economic participation, and intimate and sexual rights, while challenging mainstream presumptions about the public/private divide. Instead, gender-mainstreaming citizenship, as we call it, emerges to relaunch the debate on feminism and citizenship, moving forward on the quest for gender equality.

Citations

• Social Class, Sector Employment, and Gender as Party Cleavages in the Scandinavian Countries: A Comparative Longitudinal Study, 1970–95
• Populism: A Very Short Introduction
• Varieties of Gender Regimes
• Has a Phenomenon Been Born? Causes, Consequences, and Strategies of Gendering De-democratization in Turkey

Discussions

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