2025/10/08 by Renata Paula Coppini Almeida, Samuel Leite Cardoso, Seila Tolentino +10 · 1 voice
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics · Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Psidium guajava Extracts and Applications #Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity #Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
paper · pdf · doi:10.3390/plants14193099
openalex publication_date 2025/10/08 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/23
Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is a neotropical species whose leaf extracts demonstrate efficacy against cutaneous and mucosal inflammation and ulceration. This study aimed to prepare and characterize aqueous extracts of P. guajava leaves (EAPG) and incorporate them into chitosan nanoparticles for topical delivery to the oral mucosa. The extract was obtained by infusion, and its marker compound was quantified by a chromatographic method. EAPG exhibited antioxidant activity (IC50: 6.35–7.01 µg/mL in DPPH•; FRAP: 14.42–17.83 µg/mL ≈ 60 µM Fe2+) and anti-inflammatory potential by modulating the expression of IL-6. It also showed antifungal activity against Candida species. Nanoparticles loaded with EAPG had a mean diameter of 899.8 ± 10.8 nm, PdI 0.22 ± 0.03, Zeta potential +32.4 ± 2.3 mV, pH 5.0, and 62 ± 1% encapsulation efficiency. They remained stable for 30 days. In an ex vivo topical application, EAPG nanoparticles delivered 415.17 ± 71.7 µg/cm2 of marker to the oral mucosa, eight times more than free EAPG (p < 0.05). These results suggest that chitosan-based EAPG nanoparticles are a promising strategy for topical treatment of mucosal disorders.