2025/09/18 by Taylor N. Lipscomb, Jennifer M. Gumm, David A. Hewitt +3 · 1 voice
Environmental Science · #Fish Ecology and Management Studies #Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior #Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
paper · doi:10.1080/23308249.2025.2560910
openalex publication_date 2025/09/18 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/30
Hatchery propagation is widely used to conserve and restore aquatic species but remains controversial due to its mixed success. While some programs have contributed to conservation, others have been ineffective or harmful to wild populations. The U.S. National Fish Hatchery System (NFHS), the largest conservation hatchery network in the world, propagates aquatic species to address declines caused by climate change, habitat degradation, and invasive species. This study evaluated how well the NFHS priority programs align with the Responsible Approach (RA), a set of best practices designed to maximize conservation success and minimize risks. Most programs addressed key RA elements, with stronger adherence in programs for federally listed threatened or endangered species compared to restoration programs for unlisted but imperiled populations. Recovery programs had greater emphasis on planning, post-release monitoring, and evaluation, while restoration programs focused more on social and economic considerations. Elements related to integration of hatchery propagation into broader conservation strategies were least represented, particularly population modeling and assessment tools to quantify potential and actual contributions of propagation. Strengthening the role of propagation within conservation science, practice, and governance through improved assessment and planning could enhance its effectiveness in supporting species recovery and ecosystem restoration.