Multiple emitter location and signal parameter estimation
1986/03/01 by R. Schmidt, René Schmidt · 212 citations
Computer Science · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques #Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior #Speech and Audio Processing
paper · doi:10.1109/tap.1986.1143830
Abstract
Processing the signals received on an array of sensors for the location of the emitter is of great enough interest to have been treated under many special case assumptions. The general problem considers sensors with arbitrary locations and arbitrary directional characteristics (gain/phase/polarization) in a noise/interference environment of arbitrary covariance matrix. This report is concerned first with the multiple emitter aspect of this problem and second with the generality of solution. A description is given of the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm, which provides asymptotically unbiased estimates of 1) number of incident wavefronts present; 2) directions of arrival (DOA) (or emitter locations); 3) strengths and cross correlations among the incident waveforms; 4) noise/interference strength. Examples and comparisons with methods based on maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum entropy (ME), as well as conventional beamforming are included. An example of its use as a multiple frequency estimator operating on time series is included.
Cited by
- DA-MUSIC: Data-Driven DoA Estimation via Deep Augmented MUSIC Algorithm
- Heterogeneous Dispersed Antenna Array Design for Noncooperative Interference Cancellation
- Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Based on Deep Neural Networks With Robustness to Array Imperfections
- Two-Stage Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for DOA Estimation in Impulsive Noise
- Array Signal Processing via Sparsity-Inducing Representation of the Array Covariance Matrix
- DOA Estimation and Tracking of ULAs with Mutual Coupling
- Neural-Network-Based DOA Estimation in the Presence of Non-Gaussian Interference
- Parameter Estimation With Bistatic MIMO Radar: A Coarray Tensor Decomposition Framework
- Signal as Token: Robust DOA Estimation in Complex Environments Aided by Antenna-Based Attention
- Characterization of the Basin of Convexity for Multi-Snapshot Spike Deconvolution via Variable Projection
- Joint Radar and Communication Design: Applications, State-of-the-Art, and the Road Ahead
- ST-DDA: Dynamic Channel Estimation in the Doppler-Delay-Angle Domain via Sparse Subspace Tracking for TDD Systems
- Hankel and Toeplitz Rank-1 Decomposition of Arbitrary Matrices with Applications to Signal Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
- Tensor-Based Dynamic Channel Estimation for mmWave Movable Antenna MIMO Systems
- Technical Design Review of Duke Robotics Club's Oogway & Crush: AUVs for RoboSub 2026
- An Enhanced MNOMP for Line Spectrum Estimation and Detection
- Spatial Angular Pseudo-Derivative Search Algorithm: A Real-Time Single-Snapshot Super-Resolution Sparse DOA Scheme for Automotive Radar
- Performance analysis of Root-Music
- Frequency super-resolution with quantum environment engineering in a weakly coupled three-nuclear-spin system
- SABER: Symbolic Regression-Based Angle of Arrival and Beam Pattern Estimator
- Hierarchical THz Near-Field Localization with Subarray Processing and Covariance Correction
- A Bistatic ISAC Framework for LEO Satellite Systems: A Rate-Splitting Approach
- Magnetoencephalography—theory, instrumentation, and applications to noninvasive studies of the working human brain
- On spatial smoothing for direction-of-arrival estimation of coherent signals
- Minimum Norm Method for Linear and Planar Sparse Arrays
- Forward/backward spatial smoothing techniques for coherent signal identification
- A Method with Lower-than-ML Threshold for Frequency Estimation of Multiple Sinusoids
- The statistical performance of the MUSIC and the minimum-norm algorithms in resolving plane waves in noise
- Channel Estimation for RIS-Aided mmWave MIMO Systems via Atomic Norm Minimization
- Leveraging Inexpensive Lab Tools for Hands-on RF Systems Course
- A Reversed and Shift Sparse Array Scheme based on the Difference and Sum Co-array
- Near Minimax Line Spectral Estimation
- Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation for L-shaped Nested Array via Tensor Modeling
- Non-smooth Variable Projection
- Stable Separation and Super-Resolution of Mixture Models
- Electromagnetic Neural Network for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
- Dual Security for MIMO-OFDM ISAC Systems: Artificial Ghosts or Artificial Noise
- Estimating the Number of Sources in Magnetoencephalography Using Spiked Population Eigenvalues
- Direction Finding with Sparse Arrays Based on Variable Window Size Spatial Smoothing
- BeamformNet: Deep Learning-Based Beamforming Method for DoA Estimation via Implicit Spatial Signal Focusing and Noise Suppression
- Moment-Matching Array Processing Technique for diffuse source estimation
- Detection of signals by information theoretic criteria
- Audio-Visual Camera Pose Estimation with Passive Scene Sounds and In-the-Wild Video
- Robust Detection of Underwater Target Against Non-Uniform Noise With Optical Fiber DAS Array
- T-ADD: Enhancing DOA Estimation Robustness Against Adversarial Attacks
- A Speculative GLRT-Backed ApproachRobust Deep Learning-Based Array Processing
- DOA and Polarization Estimation for Non-Circular Signals in 3-D Millimeter Wave Polarized Massive MIMO Systems
- The Geometry of Algorithms with Orthogonality Constraints
- DoA Estimation with Sparse Arrays: Effects of Antenna Element Patterns and Nonidealities
- Efficient Estimation of Sum-Parameters for Multi-Component Complex Exponential Signals with Theoretical Cramer-Rao Bound Analysis
- Interference and Multipath Resilient ToA Estimation
- Covariance Matrix Estimation from Correlated Sub-Gaussian Samples
- Digital Twin-Assisted High-Precision Massive MIMO Localization in Urban Canyons
- Detection of Number of Subcarriers of OFDM Systems using Eigen-Spectral Analysis
- Movable-Antenna Array Enhanced Multi-Target Sensing: CRB Characterization and Optimization
- Semi-Passive IRS Enabled Sensing with Group Movable Sensors
- GNSS Jammer Direction Finding in Dynamic Scenarios Using an Inertial-based Multi-Antenna System
- Optimal structured approximation of Fourier subspaces, Toeplitz matrices, and exponential sums
- Meta-SimGNN: Adaptive and Robust WiFi Localization Across Dynamic Configurations and Diverse Scenarios
- Joint Radar and Communication Design: Applications, State-of-the-art, and the Road Ahead
- Estimation of Toeplitz Covariance Matrices using Overparameterized Gradient Descent
- Two-stage toeplitz quasi-likelihood screening-refit for unknown-source-number DOA estimation with fully augmentable arrays
- Real-valued BTD for coarray enhanced joint DOD and DOA estimation in bistatic MIMO radar
- Cooperative Multi-Point Vehicular Positioning Using Millimeter-Wave Surface Reflection (Extended version)
- SSMRadNet : A Sample-wise State-Space Framework for Efficient and Ultra-Light Radar Segmentation and Object Detection
- A Robust MUSIC Based Scheme for Interference Location in Satellite Systems with Multibeam Antennas
- Rethinking Doppler Effect for Accurate Velocity Estimation With Commodity WiFi Devices
- RaLD: Generating High-Resolution 3D Radar Point Clouds with Latent Diffusion
- Addressing the curse of mobility in massive MIMO with Prony-based angular-delay domain channel predictions
- Downlink Pilot Precoding and Compressed Channel Feedback for FDD-Based Cell-Free Systems
- Atomic norm denoising with applications to line spectral estimation
- Echo-Conditioned Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Multi-Target Tracking in RF Sensing
- Non-Coherent Direction of Arrival Estimation via Frequency Estimation
- A Block Alternating Optimization Method for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation with Nested Array
- Coprime array-based DOA estimation in unknown nonuniform noise environment
- A framework for the analytical performance assessment of matrix and tensor-based ESPRIT-type algorithms
- Unfolded Recursive Expectation-Maximization Neural Network For Speaker Tracking
- Learning Dominant Wave Directions For Plane Wave Methods For High-Frequency Helmholtz Equations
- RF-Based Direction Finding of UAVs Using DNN
- Generalizing MUSIC and MVDR for Multiple Noncoherent Arrays
- Automotive radars: A review of signal processing techniques
- Seventy Years of Radar and Communications: The road from separation to integration
- Cramér-Rao Bound Optimization for Joint Radar-Communication Beamforming
- Atomic Norm Denoising With Applications to Line Spectral Estimation
- Mixed near-field and far-field source localization utilizing symmetric nested array
- Rupture Behavior and Interaction of the 2018 Hualien Earthquake Sequence and Its Tectonic Implication
- A Method for Neuronal Source Identification
- The sharp turn: Backward rupture branching during the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) earthquake
- A Wideband Spectrum Sensing Method for Cognitive Radio using Sub-Nyquist\n Sampling
- Super-Resolution DOA Estimation for Arbitrary Array Geometries Using a Single Noisy Snapshot
- Eigenmatrix for unstructured sparse recovery
- Direct Localization of Multiple Sources by Partly Calibrated Arrays
- Localization for mixed far-field and near-field sources utilizing improved symmetric nested array
- Off-grid DOA estimation through variational Bayesian inference in colored noise environment
- A Novel Joint Angle-Range-Velocity Estimation Method for MIMO-OFDM ISAC Systems
- Recovery Analysis of Damped Spectrally Sparse Signals and Its Relation to MUSIC
- A Direct Sampling Method for Inverse Scattering Using Far-Field Data
- Reconstruction of Frequency Hopping Signals From Multi-Coset Samples
- DREAM-PCD: Deep Reconstruction and Enhancement of mmWave Radar Pointcloud
- Expectation Propagation based Line Spectral Estimation
- Two New Kinds of Interference Alignment Schemes for Cellular K-user MIMO Downlink Networks
- SVD update methods for large matrices and applications
- MUSIC, maximum likelihood, and Cramer-Rao bound
- AoA Services in 5G Networks: A Framework for Real-World Implementation and Systematic Testing
- Multi Agent Switching Mode Controller for Sound Source localization
- Functional Spectral Imaging by Ultrasound (FSIU): A Spectral-Theoretic Basis for Functional Ultrasound
- Polarization based direction of arrival estimation using a radio interferometric array
- Multi-Source Position and Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Based on Euclidean Distance Matrices
- Integrated Massive Communication and Target Localization in 6G Cell-Free Networks
- Blind-spots of Randomized Benchmarking Under Temporal Correlations
- HYPERDOA: Robust and Efficient DoA Estimation using Hyperdimensional Computing
- Spatial Signal Focusing and Noise Suppression for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in Large-Aperture 2D Arrays under Demanding Conditions
- Multi-Carrier Rydberg Atomic Quantum Receivers with Enhanced Bandwidth Feature for Communication and Sensing
- Compressive MUSIC: A Missing Link Between Compressive Sensing and Array Signal Processing
- Stable super-resolution limit and smallest singular value of restricted Fourier matrices
- Super-resolution limit of the ESPRIT algorithm
- The Sliding Frank-Wolfe Algorithm and its Application to\n Super-Resolution Microscopy
- A Survey of Indoor Localization Systems and Technologies
- Dual-Function Beam Pattern Design for Multi-Target ISAC Systems: A Decoupled Approach
- Single-Snapshot Gridless 2D-DoA Estimation for UCAs: A Joint Optimization Approach
- Rupture Propagation of the 2004 Parkfield, California, Earthquake from Observations at the UPSAR
- MUSIC for single-snapshot spectral estimation: Stability and super-resolution
- First Order Ambisonics Domain Spatial Augmentation for DNN-based Direction of Arrival Estimation
- Neural Network-Assisted CLEAN for Channel Modeling in Low-SNR Regimes
- Maximum likelihood methods for direction-of-arrival estimation
- Atomic Norm Based Localization of Far-Field and Near-Field Signals with Generalized Symmetric Arrays
- Super-resolution techniques to simulate electronic spectra of large molecular systems
- Direction-of-arrival estimation for weak underwater targets via flexible sparsity-aware modeling
- Multi-Speaker DOA Estimation in Binaural Hearing Aids using Deep Learning and Speaker Count Fusion
- Energy-Efficient Hybrid Beamforming for Multilayer RIS-Assisted Secure Integrated Terrestrial-Aerial Networks
- FUN-SSL: Full-band Layer Followed by U-Net with Narrow-band Layers for Multiple Moving Sound Source Localization
- Multimodal Radio and Vision Fusion for Robust Localization in Urban V2I Communications
- RadarSFD: Single-Frame Diffusion with Pretrained Priors for Radar Point Clouds
- Gridless Line Spectral Estimation with Multiple Measurement Vector via Variational Bayesian Inference
- (SP)2-Net: A Neural Spatial Spectrum Method for DOA Estimation
- Beam Squint Assisted Joint Angle-Distance Localization for Near-Field Communications
- Fast Single-Snapshot Harmonic Recovery with 2D Sparse Arrays using BCCB Matrices
- Importance-Weighted Domain Adaptation for Sound Source Tracking
- Positioning via Direct Localization in C-RAN Systems
- Matrix Completion With Noise
- SpeechBrain: A General-Purpose Speech Toolkit
- FAS-ARIS: Turning Multipath Challenges Into Localization Opportunities
- Stable super-resolution limit and smallest singular value of restricted Fourier matrices
- Low-Complexity Null-Space-Based Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Scheme
- DOA estimation in structured phase-noisy environments: technical report
- Localization using Angle-of-Arrival Triangulation
- Automotive sound field reproduction using deep optimization with spatial domain constraint
- Hearing the Shape of a Cuboid Room Using Sparse Measure Recovery
- 3-D Motion Capture of an Unmodified Drone with Single-chip Millimeter Wave Radar
- Study of Multi-Step Knowledge-Aided Iterative Nested MUSIC for Direction Finding
- Detection-Aided Enhanced Reweighted Atomic Norm Minimization Method for Target Localization in UAV Swarms under Multipath Environments
- Non-Asymptotic Performance Analysis of DOA Estimation Based on Real-Valued Root-MUSIC
- Spatial Covariance Matrix Reconstruction for DOA Estimation in Hybrid Massive MIMO Systems with Multiple Radio Frequency Chains
- Sem-RaDiff: Diffusion-Based 3D Radar Semantic Perception in Cluttered Agricultural Environments
- Efficient River Water Level Sensing Using Cellular CSI and Joint Space-Time Processing
- Learning Robust Spatial Representations from Binaural Audio through Feature Distillation
- Fourth-Order Hierarchical Array: A Novel Scheme for Sparse Array Design Based on Fourth-Order Difference Co-Array
- Approximating functions on \mathbb R+ by exponential sums
- InverTwin: Solving Inverse Problems via Differentiable Radio Frequency Digital Twin
- A hybrid Fourier-Prony method
- BeamSeek: Deep Learning-based DOA Estimation for Low-Complexity mmWave Phased Arrays
- Non-uniform sampling and reconstruction of multi-band signals and its application in wideband spectrum sensing of cognitive radio
- Support Recovery for Sparse Deconvolution of Positive Measures
- Coherent Compensation-Based Sensing for Long-Range Targets in Integrated Sensing and Communication System
- MASSLOC: A Massive Sound Source Localization System based on Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
- Deep Multi-task Network for Delay Estimation and Echo Cancellation
- Coherent SVR Learning for Wideband Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
- Scalable FAS: A New Paradigm for Array Signal Processing
- The Future is Fluid: Revolutionizing DOA Estimation with Sparse Fluid Antennas
- Fluid Antenna Enabled Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Under Time-Constrained Mobility
- Decimeter Ranging with Channel State Information
- Multi-Speaker Localization Using Convolutional Neural Network Trained with Noise
- Direction of Arrival Estimation: A Tutorial Survey of Classical and Modern Methods
- Digital Twin Channel-Aided CSI Prediction: An Environment-Based Subspace Extraction Approach for Achieving Low Overhead and High Robustness
- Inverse harmonic clustering for multi-pitch estimation: an optimal transport approach
- Improved Sensing and Positioning via 5G and mmWave radar for Airport Surveillance
- CRB-Rate Tradeoff for Bistatic ISAC with Gaussian Information and Deterministic Sensing Signals
- Sound Source Localization for Human-Robot Interaction in Outdoor Environments
- Angle-distance decomposition based on deep learning for active sonar detection
- ACCESS-AV: Adaptive Communication-Computation Codesign for Sustainable Autonomous Vehicle Localization in Smart Factories
- Line Spectral Estimation Based on Compressed Sensing with Deterministic Sub-Nyquist Sampling
- GNSS Jammer and Spoofer Mitigation via Multi-Antenna Processing
- Vandermonde matrices with nodes in the unit disk and the large sieve
- Angle estimation of single and overlapping echoes with a broadband split-beam echosounder
- Parallel Calibration for Sensor Array Radio Interferometers
- Seirios: Leveraging Multiple Channels for LoRaWAN Indoor and Outdoor Localization
- CRISLoc: Reconstructable CSI Fingerprintingfor Indoor Smartphone Localization
- A Subspace Estimator for Fixed Rank Perturbations of Large Random Matrices
- A survey of dimensionality reduction techniques based on random projection
- Localization of multiple acoustic sources with small arrays using a coherence test. [europepmc]
- Sparsity driven ultrasound imaging. [europepmc]
- Super-resolution spectral estimation of optical micro-angiography for quantifying blood flow within microcirculatory tissue beds in vivo. [europepmc]
- Processing and Analysis of Multichannel Extracellular Neuronal Signals: State-of-the-Art and Challenges. [europepmc]
- Localisation of Sensor Nodes with Hybrid Measurements in Wireless Sensor Networks. [europepmc]
- A Low-Complexity ESPRIT-Based DOA Estimation Method for Co-Prime Linear Arrays. [europepmc]
- An Improved Approach for RSSI-Based only Calibration-Free Real-Time Indoor Localization on IEEE 802.11 and 802.15.4 Wireless Networks. [europepmc]
- An Improved DOA Estimation Approach Using Coarray Interpolation and Matrix Denoising. [europepmc]
- Multi-frequency sparse Bayesian learning for robust matched field processing. [europepmc]
- Direction-of-Arrival Estimation with Coarray ESPRIT for Coprime Array. [europepmc]
- Design of UAV-Embedded Microphone Array System for Sound Source Localization in Outdoor Environments. [europepmc]
- Non-linear auto-regressive models for cross-frequency coupling in neural time series. [europepmc]
- A Novel DFT-Based DOA Estimation by a Virtual Array Extension Using Simple Multiplications for FMCW Radar. [europepmc]
- Towards End-to-End Acoustic Localization Using Deep Learning: From Audio Signals to Source Position Coordinates. [europepmc]
- Exploring Douglas-Peucker Algorithm in the Detection of Epileptic Seizure from Multicategory EEG Signals. [europepmc]
- A-CRNN-Based Method for Coherent DOA Estimation with Unknown Source Number. [europepmc]
- Epileptic Seizure Detection and Experimental Treatment: A Review. [europepmc]
- Recent Progress in Distributed Fiber Acoustic Sensing with Φ-OTDR. [europepmc]
- Time-frequency super-resolution with superlets. [europepmc]
- Neural silences can be localized rapidly using noninvasive scalp EEG. [europepmc]
- High-Efficiency Super-Resolution FMCW Radar Algorithm Based on FFT Estimation. [europepmc]
- Improving Machine Learning Classification Accuracy for Breathing Abnormalities by Enhancing Dataset. [europepmc]
- Deep neural network models of sound localization reveal how perception is adapted to real-world environments. [europepmc]
- Deep Learning-Based Indoor Localization Using Multi-View BLE Signal. [europepmc]
- A Survey of Latest Wi-Fi Assisted Indoor Positioning on Different Principles. [europepmc]
Related