Symmetry breaking and scalar bosons

1976/06/15 by Eldad Gildener, Steven Weinberg · 1 voice · 432 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Boson #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Elementary particle #Gauge boson #Gauge theory #Goldstone boson #Higgs boson #Higgs field #Higgs mechanism #Massless particle #Mathematical physics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Scalar (mathematics) #Scalar boson #Scalar field #Spontaneous symmetry breaking #Symmetry breaking #Vacuum expectation value #Vector boson

paper · doi:10.1103/physrevd.13.3333

published in Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields 13(12), 3333-3341 (American Physical Society)

openalex publication_date 1976/06/15 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

There are reasons to suspect that the spontaneous breakdown of the gauge symmetries of the observed weak and electromagnetic interactions may be produced by the vacuum expectation values of massless weakly coupled elementary scalar fields. A method is described for finding the broken-symmetry solutions of such theories even when they contain arbitrary numbers of scalar fields with unconstrained couplings. In any such theory, there should exist a number of heavy Higgs bosons, with masses comparable to the intermediate vector bosons, plus one light Higgs boson, or "scalon" with mass of order \ensuremathαG_F^\ensuremath-(1)/(2). The mass and couplings of the scalon are calculable in terms of other masses, even without knowing all the details of the theory. For an SU(2) \ensuremath\bigotimes U(1) model with arbitrary numbers of scalar isodoublets, the scalon mass is greater than 5.26 GeV; a likely value is 7-10 GeV. The production and decay of the scalon are briefly considered. Some comments are offered on the relation between the mass scales associated with the weak and strong interactions.

Citations

• Infrared singularities and massive fields
• Broken Symmetries
• Relativistic field theories with symmetry-breaking solutions
• A Model of Leptons
• Unity of All Elementary-Particle Forces
• Radiative Corrections as the Origin of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

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Discussions

• I have a conformal theory where it is added 4 scalar fields to the SM. To compute the 1-loop correction mass we use the Coleman-Weinberg potential. The question is: if I use the Coleman-Weinberg expli [stackexchange, 1 points]

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