2025/10/30 by Serkan Saygun, Murat Gündoğan · 1 voice
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Chromosomal and Genetic Variations #Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities #Genetic diversity and population structure
paper · pdf · doi:10.3897/aiep.55.158826
openalex publication_date 2025/10/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/30 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/26
In this study, the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of two marine fish species, representing two families, living off the south coast of the Black Sea were successfully determined using the short-term culture method (PB-MAX™ application). Although the culture incubation periods, depending on postmortem timing, are non-identical for each species, the kidney tissues of the fish samples were treated in Falcon tubes filled with PB-MAX™ for 3–4 h. Subsequently, hypotonic and fixation procedures were applied consecutively, and then spreading was done by dropping the cell suspension onto steamed, clean slides. Giemsa staining, C-banding, and Ag-NOR banding were applied to the preparations. We determined that the Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868), 2n = 48, has 6 metacentric, 16 submetacentric, 18 subtelocentric, and 6 acrocentric chromosomes (NF–70); while the black scorpionfish, Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758, 2n = 42, has 4 metacentric, 4 submetacentric, 10 subtelocentric, and 24 telocentric chromosomes (NF–50). Trachurus mediterraneus represents the family Carangidae, while Scorpaena porcus belongs to the family Scorpaenidae. In conclusion, while the number and location of NOR and C+ chromosomes in both species differed from previous studies, in the presently reported study we also observed similarities in the 2n counts. The differences in karyotypes were also observed, in comparison to other studies. This study, using image analysis software, updated information on the chromosomal structures of both species. Thus, the in vitro method used has proven to eliminate the problem of failing to obtain high-quality chromosomes in marine fish, making it undeniably the most efficient and economical short-term culture method. Furthermore, it can be predicted that enabling the exposure of chromosomes from even post-mortem fish samples will provide advantages and time savings, as well as facilitate the easy, rapid, and high-quality chromosomes required for further molecular cytogenetic studies. This study aims to pave the way for chromosome research on sea fish to be conducted in a shorter timeframe with practical approaches. It also seeks to revise the karyotypes of the two marine fish revealed by this short-term cell culture.