2025/12/10 by Anna Alfocea-Roig, Marc Cerdà-Domènech, David Vera-Rivera +3 · 1 voice
Materials Science · Engineering · #Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications #Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications #Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials
paper · doi:10.1080/21650373.2025.2597877
openalex publication_date 2025/12/10 · openalex created_date 2025/12/11 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/22
The cement industry is among the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. This study investigates sustainable alternatives for magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) production by incorporating secondary MgO sources, thereby promoting circular economy principles and reducing costs. Two materials were assessed: tundish deskulling waste (TUN) and low-grade MgO (LG) by-product. MKPC formulations were characterized by X-ray diffraction, magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), 31P MAS NMR, and porosity analysis via micro X-ray computed tomography. Results showed that TUN-based cement exhibited the highest initial porosity (13.25% at 2 days), decreasing to 9.54% at 28 days. Conversely, LG-based cement exhibited the lowest porosity, remaining stable around 2.38% across curing ages. Compressive strength at 28 days reached 17 MPa for TUN-based cement, while LG-based cement achieved higher values of 29 MPa. These findings demonstrate the potential of industrial by-products for MKPC development, offering a sustainable pathway aligned with the construction sector’s decarbonization goals and the 2030 roadmap.