2026/07/30 by Ahmed Alfatlawi, Masoud H. Nazari
Engineering · Computer Science · #eess.SY #cs.SY
6 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for presentation at the 58th North American Power Symposium (NAPS 2026)
arxiv created 2026/07/30 · arxiv updated 2026/07/31
This paper develops explicit dynamic models of a hyperscale data center, including its heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) subsystems, and integrates them into a small-signal stability framework to investigate the impact of data center demand response on power system inter-area oscillations. Through eigenvalue analysis and time-domain simulations, the results demonstrate that UPS-based demand response can enhance inter-area oscillation damping. In contrast, the HVAC subsystem is shown to be inherently incapable of providing effective oscillation damping due to its limited thermal response bandwidth. A gradient-based optimization algorithm is used to tune the UPS controller gain to maximize the damping ratio of the critical inter-area mode. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated using the IEEE 39-bus test system.