2011/10/10 by Sarah C. Gilbert · 3 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Immunology and Microbiology · #Immune Cell Function and Interaction #Immunotherapy and Immune Responses #vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
paper · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03517.x
openalex publication_date 2011/10/10 · crossref created 2011/10/10 · crossref issued 2011/12/07 · crossref published 2011/12/07 · crossref published-online 2011/12/07 · crossref published-print 2012/01/01 · crossref deposited 2023/10/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · crossref indexed 2026/07/30 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
In the twentieth century vaccine development has moved from the use of attenuated or killed micro-organisms to protein sub-unit vaccines, with vaccine immunogenicity assessed by measuring antibodies induced by vaccination. However, for many infectious diseases T cells are an important part of naturally acquired protective immune responses, and inducing these by vaccination has been the aim of much research. The progress that has been made in developing effective T-cell-inducing vaccines against viral and parasitic diseases such as HIV and malaria is discussed, along with recent developments in therapeutic vaccine development for chronic viral infections and cancer. Although many ways of inducing T cells by vaccination have been assessed, the majority result in low level, non-protective responses. Sufficient clinical research has now been conducted to establish that replication-deficient viral vectored vaccines lead the field in inducing strong and broad responses, and efficacy studies of T-cell-inducing vaccines against a number of diseases are finally demonstrating that this is a valid approach to filling the gaps in our defence against not only infectious disease, but some forms of cancer.