2017/09/07 by Lorenzo Alibardi · 1 citation
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Materials Science · Medicine · #Cell Adhesion Molecules Research #Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research #Silk-based biomaterials and applications
paper · doi:10.1111/azo.12214
crossref issued 2017/09/07 · crossref published 2017/09/07 · crossref published-online 2017/09/07 · openalex publication_date 2017/09/07 · crossref created 2017/09/08 · crossref published-print 2018/10/01 · crossref deposited 2024/06/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/05/21 · crossref indexed 2026/07/29
Abstract The regenerating tail blastema of lizards appears immunesuppressed, and the distribution of hyaluronate, a possible agent of immunesuppression, is evaluated. Transcriptome data show upregulation of genes stimulating hyaluronate production in the tail and limb blastemas. The distribution of hyaluronate in the tail and limb blastemas has been studied using alcian blue at pH 2.5 and 1.0 and by immunohistochemistry for hyaluronate receptors. Both tail and limb blastemas initially contain hyaluronate, but this glycosaminoglycan disappears in the scarring limb blastema at 25‐ to 30‐day postamputation after intense inflammation. The regenerating tail tip moves distally during regeneration but conserves hyaluronate that is replaced by sulphated glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins in proximal regions of the regenerating tail. Hyaluronate receptors are diffuse among blastema cells and ependyma of the tail, intense in wound epidermis but low to absent in the scarring limb. The electron microscope shows that an amorphous extracellular matrix likely containing hyaluronate surrounds mesenchymal cells, ependyma and wound epidermis in the tail but is scarce to absent in the limb, whereas collagen fibrils prevail. Extracellular matrix containing hyaluronate may shield blastema cells from circulating immune cells preventing deleterious immune reactions in the tail but not in the limb, a process leading to scarring.