2005/01/01 by Nanette Gartrell, Amalia Deck, Carla Rodas +2 · 4 citations
Medicine · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Family Dynamics and Relationships #LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy #Reproductive Health and Technologies
paper · doi:10.1037/0002-9432.75.4.518
crossref issued 2005/01/01 · crossref published 2005/01/01 · crossref published-online 2005/01/01 · openalex publication_date 2005/01/01 · crossref created 2005/11/01 · crossref deposited 2024/02/06 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · crossref indexed 2026/07/31 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
This 4th report from a longitudinal study of U.S. lesbian families presents data from 78 families in which the children were conceived by donor insemination. Results indicate that the prevalence of physical and sexual abuse in these children was lower than national norms. In social and psychological development, the children were comparable to children raised in heterosexual families. Children of unknown donors were indistinguishable from those with known donors in psychological adjustment. In total, 57% of the children were completely out to their peers, and 43% had experienced homophobia. The children demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of diversity and tolerance.