2025/10/01 by Fei Su, Wilfred Wan, Lora Saalman +1 · 1 voice
Social Sciences · #International Science and Diplomacy
paper · doi:10.55163/bchm4674
openalex publication_date 2025/10/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/18 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into nuclear and nuclear-related weapon systems is reshaping global security and influencing strategic stability. Although AI enhances speed, precision and data processing, it also introduces uncertainty that could weaken deterrence and increase the risk of escalation and inadvertent nuclear use. States generally agree on the importance of maintaining human control over nuclear decision-making, yet there is no consensus on how this should be defined or operationalized. Without greater clarity, these debates risk slowing the development of the norms and standards needed to govern the AI–nuclear nexus effectively. This report seeks to advance the discussion by identifying commonalities in risk assessments on the AI–nuclear nexus, examining the current debate and approaches on human control and offering practical recommendations for moving forward.