2020/08/21 by Takeo Kuriyama, Arata Murakami, Matt Brandley +1 · 1 voice · 1 citation
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Neuroscience · #Animal Behavior and Reproduction #Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research #melanin and skin pigmentation
paper · doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.00232
openalex publication_date 2020/08/21 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/23
To gain a mechanistic understanding of color pattern formation, including molecular and genetic mechanisms, it is necessary to not only describe adult phenotypes, but also to understand color production and pattern formation during embryonic and postembryonic stages. Here, we review the pigment cell mechanisms underlying color production and pattern formation during embryonic development in lizards and snakes to provide a comprehensive pigment-cell–based understanding of color pattern formation. We first focus on different color production mechanisms in terms of epidermal and dermal pigment cell architectures and then discuss the genetic determinants of pattern formation considering both biologically relevant theoretical models and the processes of pigment cell specification, migration, and architecture differentiation. Clarifying the contributions of pigment cells and genetic factors improves our general understanding of reptilian color pattern evolution.