2025/04/26 by Sharon Haleva‐Amir · 1 voice
Mathematics · Computer Science · Economics, Econometrics and Finance · #COVID-19 epidemiological studies #COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing #COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
paper · doi:10.1108/ccij-12-2024-0225
openalex publication_date 2025/04/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31
Purpose This study examines Israel’s unique use of the General Security Service (GSS) for COVID-19 contact tracing, analyzing its effectiveness and implications for public health and civil liberties. Design/methodology/approach Using a case study framework, the research evaluates Israel’s dual approach: the compulsory GSS “Tool” and the voluntary HAMAGEN app. A comprehensive matrix is introduced to assess legal, democratic, socio-economic and epidemiological factors. Findings The study reveals that the GSS geo-tracking proved ineffective in curbing COVID-19, leading to privacy infringements, public distrust, economic harm from false quarantines and limited epidemiological benefits. Social implications This interdisciplinary analysis highlights key lessons for global crisis policies, advocating for proportionality, transparency, judicial oversight and minimally invasive technologies. The findings serve as a cautionary tale, illustrating the risks of surveillance-driven health interventions. Originality/value As the only democracy to deploy its secret service for pandemic management, Israel offers a critical case study. This interdisciplinary analysis highlights key lessons for global crisis policies, advocating for proportionality, transparency, judicial oversight and minimally invasive technologies. The findings serve as a cautionary tale, illustrating the risks of surveillance-driven health interventions.