2020/05/26 by Kim Shimy, Henry A. Feldman, Gloria L. Klein +3 · 1 voice · 2 citations
Medicine · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Nursing · #Diet and metabolism studies #Muscle metabolism and nutrition #Food composition and properties
paper · pdf · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaa062
openalex publication_date 2020/05/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/27
CONTEXT: According to the carbohydrate-insulin model of obesity, an elevated insulin-to-glucagon ratio in response to a high-carbohydrate diet directs metabolic fuels toward storage, resulting in lower circulating energy. OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in total circulating energy post-meal related to dietary carbohydrate. DESIGN: Ancillary study within the Framingham State Food Study. SETTING: University community. PARTICIPANTS: ). INTERVENTION: After achieving 10% to 14% weight loss on a run-in diet, participants were randomized to weight-loss-maintenance test diets varying in carbohydrate content (high-carbohydrate, 60% of total energy, n = 11; moderate-carbohydrate, 40%, n = 8; low-carbohydrate, 20%, n = 10) and controlled for protein (20%). During 24-hour metabolic ward admissions between 10 and 15 weeks on the test diets, metabolic fuels and hormones were measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Energy availability (EA) based on energy content of blood glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and free fatty acids, in the late postprandial period (180 to 300 minutes). Insulin at 30 minutes into the test meal (Meal Insulin-30) was measured as an effect modifier. RESULTS: < 0.0001), primarily related to suppression of free fatty acids. Early postprandial EA (30 to 180 minutes) declined fastest in the high-carbohydrate group, and Meal Insulin-30 modified this diet effect. CONCLUSIONS: During weight-loss maintenance on a high-carbohydrate diet, late postprandial EA is reduced, consistent with the carbohydrate-insulin model.