2024/07/08 by Xiaoping Yu, Zhaoyan Chen, Wei Bao +4 · 1 voice
Immunology and Microbiology · Neuroscience · #Immune cells in cancer #Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms #Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
paper · doi:10.1093/cei/uxae057
crossref issued 2024/07/08 · crossref published 2024/07/08 · crossref published-online 2024/07/08 · openalex publication_date 2024/07/08 · crossref created 2024/07/08 · crossref published-print 2024/11/12 · crossref deposited 2024/11/13 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · crossref indexed 2026/07/30 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by neutrophils are web-like DNA structures adhered to granulin proteins with bactericidal activity and can be an important mechanism for preventing pathogen dissemination or eliminating microorganisms. However, they also play important roles in diseases of other systems, such as the central nervous system. We tracked the latest advances and performed a review based on published original and review articles related to NETs and neurological diseases. Generally, neutrophils barely penetrate the blood-brain barrier into the brain parenchyma, but when pathological changes such as infection, trauma, or neurodegeneration occur, neutrophils rapidly infiltrate the central nervous system to exert their defensive effects. However, neutrophils may adversely affect the host when they uncontrollably release NETs upon persistent neuroinflammation. This review focused on recent advances in understanding the mechanisms and effects of NETs release in neurological diseases, and we also discuss the role of molecules that regulate NETs release in anticipation of clinical applications in neurological diseases.