2024/11/17 by Xuying Wang, Kun Yu, Paul A. Selden +2 · 1 voice · 1 citation
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Coleoptera Taxonomy and Distribution #Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy #Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
paper · pdf · doi:10.1111/jse.13139
openalex publication_date 2024/11/17 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Abstract Five new spider fossils of the family Macrothelidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) are described from mid‐Cretaceous Kachin amber, Myanmar. A new genus Acanthomacrothele gen. nov. is established for three new species: Acanthomacrothele pauciverrucae sp. nov., Acanthomacrothele geminata sp. nov., and Acanthomacrothele longicaudata sp. nov. Both male and female specimens of A. pauciverrucae sp. nov. are described, representing a rare case of a fossil spider with both sexes known. We also describe an unidentified juvenile of Macrothelidae to document different developmental stages of Cretaceous species. To test the phylogenetic position of the new fossils, we undertook phylogenetic analyses using both topology‐unconstrained and topology‐constrained methods. Our analyses supported the placement of Acanthomacrothele gen. nov. in Macrothelidae, although its phylogenetic relationship to other genera of Macrothelidae differed among different analytical methods. The fossils documented here have elongated, widely spaced posterior lateral spinnerets, compact rectangular group of eyes on a tubercle, and more spines on male tibia of anterior legs than female, similar to extant macrothelids, suggesting that they probably have similar retreat construction behavior, habitat preference, and mating position to their living relatives.