2003/03/31 by Kyung Hyuk Kim, Hong Qian · 3 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #physics.class-ph #physics.gen-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.120602
published as Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 120602 (2004) · 10 pages, 1 figure
arxiv created 2004/08/22 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01
We investigate the nonequilibrium steady-state thermodynamics of single Brownian macromolecules with inertia under feedback control in isothermal ambient fluid. With the control being represented by a velocity-dependent external force, we find such open systems can have a negative entropy production rate and we develop a mesoscopic theory consistent with the second law. We propose an equilibrium condition and define a class of external forces, which includes a transverse Lorentz force, leading to equilibrium.