U1 snRNP regulates cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro
2020/01/07 by Jung‐Min Oh, Christopher C. Venters, Chao Di +8 · 77 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #RNA Research and Splicing #RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms #RNA modifications and cancer
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13993-7
openalex publication_date 2020/01/07 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/29
Abstract
Stimulated cells and cancer cells have widespread shortening of mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs) and switches to shorter mRNA isoforms due to usage of more proximal polyadenylation signals (PASs) in introns and last exons. U1 snRNP (U1), vertebrates' most abundant non-coding (spliceosomal) small nuclear RNA, silences proximal PASs and its inhibition with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (U1 AMO) triggers widespread premature transcription termination and mRNA shortening. Here we show that low U1 AMO doses increase cancer cells' migration and invasion in vitro by up to 500%, whereas U1 over-expression has the opposite effect. In addition to 3'UTR length, numerous transcriptome changes that could contribute to this phenotype are observed, including alternative splicing, and mRNA expression levels of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors. These findings reveal an unexpected role for U1 homeostasis (available U1 relative to transcription) in oncogenic and activated cell states, and suggest U1 as a potential target for their modulation.
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