2000/06/23 by M. G. Vavilov, P. W. Brouwer, V. Ambegaokar +1
Physics and Astronomy · #cond-mat.mes-hall
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.874
published as Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 874 (2001).
arxiv created 2000/06/23 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30
Random-matrix theory is used to study the mesoscopic fluctuations of the excitation gap in a metal grain or quantum dot induced by the proximity to a superconductor. We propose that the probability distribution of the gap is a universal function in rescaled units. Our analytical prediction for the gap distribution agrees well with exact diagonalization of a model Hamiltonian.