2024/12/26 by Sarah Al Mansi, Margaret Pokalsky, Katherine Turnley +6 · 1 voice · 2 citations
Medicine · #Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus #Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management #Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
paper · doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlaf004
openalex publication_date 2024/12/26 · openalex created_date 2025/01/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30
Abstract Background The role of oral switch antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated Enterococcus faecalis bloodstream infection (BSI) remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study examines the effectiveness of oral switch compared with standard intravenous antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated E. faecalis BSI. Methods Adults with first episodes of uncomplicated monomicrobial E. faecalis BSI were admitted to 10 Prisma Health hospitals in South Carolina from January 2021 to June 2023 were included. Deaths within 7 days were excluded to mitigate immortal time bias. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression examined the risk of treatment failure (all-cause mortality or recurrence) within 90 days after adjustment for the propensity of transitioning to oral switch therapy. Results Of 476 screened patients, 131 with uncomplicated E. faecalis BSI were included in the analysis. The median age was 70 years, 84 (64%) were men, and 46 (35%) had a urinary source of infection. Eighty-seven patients (66%) received standard intravenous therapy and 44 (34%) were transitioned to oral switch therapy. Aminopenicillins were the most commonly used antibiotics for oral switch therapy (33/44; 75%). There was no increased risk of treatment failure with oral switch therapy compared with standard intravenous therapy (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% CIs 0.23–2.57, P = 0.67). Hospital length of stay (HLOS) was 7 and 11 days in the oral switch and standard intravenous groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusions Transitioning patients with uncomplicated E. faecalis BSI from intravenous to oral switch antibiotic therapy appears to be a promising strategy with shorter HLOS and no significant increase in the risk of treatment failure.