Female participation in association governance and political representation: Women as executive directors, board members, lobbyists, and political action committee directors

1997/12/01 by Ronald G. Shaiko · 3 citations
Business, Management and Accounting · Social Sciences · #Gender Diversity and Inequality #Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering #Political Influence and Corporate Strategies

paper · doi:10.1002/nml.4130080204

openalex publication_date 1997/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30

Abstract

Abstract This analysis of more than eleven hundred business, trade, and professional nonprofit associations identifies several internal organizational barriers to leadership for women. In addition, the analysis highlights the importance of female representation in governance positions, such as executive directors and board members, and of the selection of women as the political representatives of associations in roles such as lobbyists and political action committee directors.

Cited by

• The shadow of institutional racism on people of color's involvement in membership associations
• Turning Practices Into Performance: The Role of Implementation in Board Recruitment and Selection
• Nonprofit good governance mechanisms: A systematic literature review

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