2025/05/05 by M.W. Klunzinger, Christopher L. Humphrey, Lisa Chandler · 1 voice
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Environmental Science · Medicine · #Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior #Mollusks and Parasites Studies #Shoulder and Clavicle Injuries
paper · doi:10.1080/13235818.2025.2494974
openalex publication_date 2025/05/05 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/14
Larvae (glochidia) of the freshwater mussel, Lortiella rugata, were obtained from marsupia of live females, preserved in ethanol and photographed under scanning electron microscopy. Glochidial shells of L. rugata are subtriangular and scalene in shape outline with a smooth surface dotted with pores and have a protruding ventral apex. Glochidial shells (n = 29) measured 256.4 μm long (L) (±1.6 SE), 230.0 μm high (H) (±1.5 SE), with a Size (mean of L and H) of 243.2 μm (±1.3 SE), hinge length (Hg) of 187.2 μm (±2.0 SE), larval hook length (LHL) of 54.8 μm (±1.2 SE) and angle of obliquity (Á) of 10.9° (±0.3 SE). Hooks are singular in each valve, lack microstylets, have convex or concave basal protuberances on opposing valves and terminate in a singular sharp cusp on each valve. In comparison to Lortiella froggatti, L. rugata has glochidia with similar in size and shape. Glochidia of L. rugata are released as amorphous mucous conglutinates and individuals possess a larval thread, characteristics typical of most Velesunioninae.