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From the Critique of the Heavens to the Critique of the Earth: A Contribution to the Reconstruction of Karl Marx’s Unfinished Critique of Political Theology

2021/01/01 by Mikkel Flohr · 1 voice · 2 citations
Arts and Humanities · Social Sciences · #Critical Theory and Philosophy #Marxism and Critical Theory #Political Economy and Marxism

paper · doi:10.1353/tae.2021.0025

openalex publication_date 2021/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/02

Abstract

This article reconstructs Karl Marx’s unfinished and hitherto unexamined 1843 critique of political theology, i.e., the predominant understanding of the state as a transcendent and sovereign subject. Careful analysis of the text and its intellectual context reveals how contemporary post-Hegelian debates sensitized Marx to the problem of political theology and provided the conceptual resources to overcome it without resorting to abstract negation. Marx showed that it was the social significance of this idea and associated practices that constituted the earthly existence of the modern state and provided a highly original analysis of its structural integration in the capitalist system.

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