2024/01/21 by M. Janek, Marian Janek, Ida Vašková +10
Engineering · #3D Printing in Biomedical Research #Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies #Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
paper · doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2024.01.047
openalex publication_date 2024/01/21 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30
This study investigates the parametric quality and reliability of 3D-printed scaffolds using a composite filament comprising a thermoplastic polymer and hydroxyapatite in 1:1 weight ratio. Employing a fused filament fabrication printer, we verified the 3D printing strategy, sintering temperature range, and preparation of hydroxyapatite scaffolds. To complete the study, in vitro cytotoxicity tests using animal and human cell models were conducted. The calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (Ca/P ~ 1.54) used in preparation of filament exhibited after sintering differences in crystalochemical phases in different rations, comparing to stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (Ca/P ≅ 1.67). The FFF process successfully produced scaffold macropores suitable for tissue vascularization (~380 µm or smaller). Optimal sintering temperature for cell proliferation was identified at 1300 °C, especially effective for used investigated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite. Cytotoxicity assessment with murine and human fibroblastic cells demonstrated differing behaviour, emphasizing the need for careful material property modifications for practical scaffold utilization.