2017/01/01 by Lydia R Lucchesi, Christopher K. Wikle · 1 voice · 1 citation
Environmental Science · Medicine · #Data-Driven Disease Surveillance #Remote Sensing in Agriculture #Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
paper · doi:10.1002/sta4.150
openalex publication_date 2017/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
In statistics, we quantify uncertainty to help determine the accuracy of estimates, yet this crucial piece of information is rarely included on maps visualizing areal data estimates. We develop and present three approaches to include uncertainty on maps: (1) the bivariate choropleth map repurposed to visualize uncertainty; (2) the pixelation of counties to include values within an estimate's margin of error; and (3) the rotation of a glyph, located at a county's centroid, to represent an estimate's uncertainty. The second method is presented as both a static map and visuanimation. We use American Community Survey estimates and their corresponding margins of error to demonstrate the methods and highlight the importance of visualizing uncertainty in areal data. An extensive online supplement provides the R code necessary to produce the maps presented in this article as well as alternative versions of them. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.