2007/03/01 by Moshe Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe Naveh‐Benjamin, Tamar Keshet Brav +1 · 2 citations
Neuroscience · #Memory Processes and Influences
paper · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.22.1.202
openalex publication_date 2007/03/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Past research has established an associative deficit hypothesis (e.g., M. Naveh-Benjamin, 2000) that attributes part of older adults' poor episodic memory performance to their difficulty in creating and retrieving cohesive episodes. Here, the authors evaluate the degree to which this deficit can be reduced by older adults' use of associative strategies. Young and older adults learned word pairs under either intentional-learning instructions or instructions eliciting associative strategies either at encoding or both at encoding and at retrieval, and they then took tests on their memory for both the components and the associations. Results replicated the associative deficit of older adults under intentional-learning instructions. In addition, they showed that instructions to use appropriate associative strategies during either encoding or, even more so, during encoding and retrieval resulted in a significant decrease in the associative deficit. The theoretical and applied implications of these results are discussed.