2025/07/07 by Roberto Foa, Xavier Romero‐Vidal · 2 voices
Arts and Humanities · Social Sciences · #Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics #Political Conflict and Governance #Populism, Right-Wing Movements
paper · pdf · doi:10.1017/s1537592725000623
openalex publication_date 2025/07/07 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/11
Abstract In this article, we show that the Russian invasion of Ukraine triggered a pro-democratic reaction from citizens in liberal democracies, which we term the “rally for democracy.” Unlike the conventional “rally ‘round the flag” effect that boosts government popularity, this involves citizens rallying behind democracy as an international ideal. It includes expressing stronger proximity to democratic powers, stronger approval for democratic leaders abroad, and greater aversion to authoritarian regimes. Through a survey quasi-experiment conducted in six countries between February and May of 2022, we provide evidence that the “rally for democracy” emerged immediately following Russia’s invasion. Exploring this observation further via analysis of data from 55 countries between 2014 and 2023, we find this to be the intensification of a longer-term trend in response to the rise of authoritarian great powers. A new cleavage exists in geopolitical loyalties, based on the degree to which citizens feel attachment to democracy, and this divide runs both between and within countries.