2020/12/31 by Lauren E. Duncan, Randi L. Garcia, Ilana Teitelman
Social Sciences · #Gender Diversity and Inequality #Gender Roles and Identity Studies #Social and Intergroup Psychology
paper · doi:10.1080/00224545.2020.1860883
openalex publication_date 2020/12/31 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Current measures of feminist identity are based on developmental models and cannot be used with men. We introduce and validate a new measure of feminist consciousness, the Feminist Consciousness Scale (FCS) which is based on dominant social psychological theories of politicized social identities, and assesses identity, injustice, and efficacy components of feminist consciousness. In three studies, the 8-item, two-factor FCS demonstrated excellent model fit and validity for college women and more age- and ideologically-heterogeneous men and women. We also established measurement invariance between men and women, meaning that the scale can be used with members of both groups. The FCS possesses several advantages over current measures of feminist identity based on developmental models: it is short and easy to use, can be used with both men and women, and is tied to the extensive literature on group consciousness and politicized social identities.