2026/07/28 by R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams +440
#astro-ph.HE #astro-ph.GA #hep-ex
The Milky Way hosts astrophysical objects that accelerate cosmic rays to energies beyond the reach of terrestrial particle accelerators. It remains a longstanding goal to locate the sites of these powerful Galactic engines and understand how cosmic rays propagate through the Galaxy, leading to the production of high-energy neutrinos. In this paper, we combine event morphologies characteristic of all three neutrino flavours and apply recent improvements in ice modelling, calibration and reconstruction to 12 years of IceCube data. With a predefined, global analysis we establish high-energy neutrino emission from the Galactic plane at 5.7 σ significance. A further study shows that the inner region of the Galaxy is a prominent neutrino source, with 217 shower events with visible energy above 5 TeV compared with an expected background of 154.4 ± 4.1. These results herald a new era of Galactic multi-messenger astronomy, creating new opportunities to study cosmic-ray propagation and probe neutrino properties over kiloparsec distances.