2025/04/14 by Frederik Werner, Simon Sagmeister, Werner, Frederik +5 · 1 citation
Computer Science · Decision Sciences · #Embedded Systems Design Techniques #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques #Robotics (cs.RO) #Simulation Techniques and Applications
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2504.10225
openalex publication_date 2025/04/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/14 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The classical g-g diagram, representing the achievable acceleration space for a vehicle, is commonly used as a constraint in trajectory planning and control due to its computational simplicity. To address non-planar road geometries, this concept can be extended to incorporate g-g constraints as a function of vehicle speed and vertical acceleration, commonly referred to as g-g-g-v diagrams. However, the estimation of g-g-g-v diagrams is an open problem. Existing simulation-based approaches struggle to isolate non-transient, open-loop stable states across all combinations of speed and acceleration, while optimization-based methods often require simplified vehicle equations and have potential convergence issues. In this paper, we present a novel, open-source, quasi-steady-state black box simulation approach that applies a virtual inertial force in the longitudinal direction. The method emulates the load conditions associated with a specified longitudinal acceleration while maintaining constant vehicle speed, enabling open-loop steering ramps in a purely QSS manner. Appropriate regulation of the ramp steer rate inherently mitigates transient vehicle dynamics when determining the maximum feasible lateral acceleration. Moreover, treating the vehicle model as a black box eliminates model mismatch issues, allowing the use of high-fidelity or proprietary vehicle dynamics models typically unsuited for optimization approaches. An open-source version of the proposed method is available at: https://github.com/TUM-AVS/GGGVDiagrams