2024/06/01 by A. Clocchiatti, Ósmar Rodríguez, Clocchiatti, Alejandro +5 · 2 citations
Mathematics · Computer Science · Engineering · #Mathematics and Applications #Matrix Theory and Algorithms #Structural Analysis and Optimization
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2406.00273
An analysis of the Cosmological Constant ΩΛ fitted to subsamples of the Pantheon+ Type Ia SN sample spanning 2π sterradians for a grid of 432 pole positions covering the whole sky reveals two large scale asymmetries. One of them is closely aligned with the Galactic North-South direction and the other points approximately towards RA∼ 217.5^∘ Dec∼ -26.4^∘, ∼50.9 degrees from the CMB dipole Apex. The signal to noise ratio (S/N) of the multiple ΩΛ measurements in these directions is 3.2\lesssim S/N \lesssim 8.4. The first asymmetry is puzzling, and would indicate a systematic effect related with the distribution of Pantheon+ SNe on the sky and, probably, how the correction for reddening in the Galaxy is calculated. The second one, which entails a 2.8-σ tension between ΩΛ measure in opposite directions, bears strong implications on its interpretation as Dark Energy: It is consistent with the prediction for tilted observers located in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe who could measure an acceleration or a deceleration with a dipolar asymmetry, irrespective of what the universe as a whole is doing. In this case, ΩΛ would not be a physical entity, a real Dark Energy, but an apparent effect associated with the relativistic frame of reference transformation.