Powerful explosions from the collapse of rotating supermassive stars

2024/08/21 by Sho Fujibayashi, Cédric Jockel, Fujibayashi, Sho +7 · 1 voice · 6 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Astro and Planetary Science #Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae #Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies #astro-ph.HE #gr-qc

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2408.11572

openalex publication_date 2024/08/21 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

We perform new general relativistic hydrodynamics simulations for collapses of rotating supermassive star cores with an approximate nuclear burning up to carbon and a detailed equation of state. For all the models we investigate, the energy generation by nuclear burning plays only a minor role, leading to the formation of a black hole without a nuclear-powered explosion. For rotating models, however, the stellar explosion associated with shock heating is driven from a torus, which forms after the black hole formation. The explosion energy is up to 10^-4 of the mass energy of the supermassive star cores (∼ 10⁵⁵-10⁵⁶ erg). We find that, even if we increase the rotational angular momentum of the progenitor, the ejecta mass saturates at ∼ 1% of the total mass of the initial stellar core. The average ejecta velocity also saturates at ≈ 20% of the speed of light. As a result, the ejecta kinetic energy is approximately proportional to the initial mass of the supermassive star core for the rapidly rotating case. We also perform viscous hydrodynamics simulations for exploring the evolution of the remnant torus. Although the viscous heating drives an outflow from the torus, we find that its effect is subdominant in terms of the kinetic energy because of the small velocity (≈ 0.07c) of the ejecta component.

Cited by

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• Growth of Metal-Enriched Supermassive Stars by Accretion and Collisions
• Toward First-Principles Multi-Messenger Predictions: Coupling Nuclear Networks with GR Radiation-MHD in \tt Gmunu
• Collapse of rotating very massive stellar cores leading to a black hole and a massive disk as a source of gravitational waves
• Little Red Dots and their Progenitors from Direct Collapse Black Holes
• Numerical simulations of jet launching and breakout from collapsars

Discussions

• Relativistic hydrodynamics simulations for collapses of rotating supermassive star cores: arxiv.org/abs/2408.11572 These result in 10^49 J explosions, ejecting 1% of their initial mass at 20% of the s [bsky, 10 points, 0 comments]

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