Representation of a Noisy Transmission Line

2024/04/16 by Martin Bucher, Bucher, Martin, Daniel Molnar +1 · 1 citation
Engineering · Materials Science · #Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques #FOS: Physical sciences #Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) #Magnetic Properties and Applications #Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2404.10908

openalex publication_date 2024/04/16 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/29

Abstract

We analyse a lossy transmission line and the Johnson-Nyquist noise generated therein. A representation as a noisy two-port with a voltage and a current noise sources on one end of a noiseless two-port is given. An expression for the noise properties is given for an arbitrary temperature profile along the transmission line. Agreement is demonstrated between the general expression found here and special cases calculable using thermodynamics. This work is motivated by the REACH experiment to observe the global 21 cm signal for which modelling noise with exquisite precision is essential for a reliable calibration.

Cited by

• Global 21cm Measurement Calibration Methodology

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