2024/02/14 by Michael Strickland, Strickland, Michael
Chemical Engineering · Engineering · #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies #Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) #Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2402.09571
openalex publication_date 2024/02/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
In this contributed chapter, I review our current understanding of the applicability of hydrodynamics to modeling the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), focusing on the question of hydrodynamization/thermalization of the QGP and the anisotropic hydrodynamics (aHydro) far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic framework. I discuss the existence of far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic attractors and methods for determining attractors within different hydrodynamical frameworks. I also discuss the determination of attractors from exact solutions to the Boltzmann equation in relaxation time approximation and effective kinetic field theory applied to quantum chromodynamics. I then present comparisons of the kinetic attractors with the attractors obtained in standard second-viscous hydrodynamics frameworks and anisotropic hydrodynamics. I demonstrate that, due to the resummation of terms to all orders in the inverse Reynolds number, the anisotropic hydrodynamics framework can describe both the weak- and strong-interaction limits. I then review the phenomenological application of anisotropic hydrodynamics to relativistic heavy-ion collisions using both quasiparticle aHydro and second-order viscous aHydro. The phenomenological results indicate that aHydro provides a controlled extension of dissipative relativistic hydrodynamics to the early-time far-from-equilibrium stage of heavy-ion collisions. This allows one to better describe the data and to extract the temperature dependence of transport coefficients at much higher temperatures than linearized second-order viscous hydrodynamics.