2025/09/03 by D. Canillas Martínez, Martínez, D. Canillas, P. Dorey +9 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Quantum chaos and dynamical systems #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2509.03192
We show that, in the thin-wall regime, Q-ball--anti-Q-ball collisions reveal chaotic behaviour. This is explained by the resonant energy transfer mechanism triggered by the internal modes hosted by the Q-balls and by the existence of \it ephemeral states, that is unstable, sometimes even short-lived, field configurations that appear as intermediate states. The most important examples of such states are the \it bubble of the false broken vacuum, which as intermediate states govern the QQ^* annihilation, and the \it charged oscillons. The usually short-lived bubble can be dynamically temporarily stabilized, which explains their importance in the dynamics of Q-balls. This happens due to the excitation of massless Goldstone modes, which, exerting pressure on the bubble boundaries or being trapped as bound modes, prevent the bubble from collapsing.