2026/07/17 by Mariaveronica De Angelis, Javier Rubio
#astro-ph.CO #gr-qc #hep-th
We construct an R2 cosmology based on scale invariance and unimodular gravity in which the Goldstone boson of dilatations establishes a predictive connection between inflation and dark energy. The conservation of the corresponding Noether current confines the inflationary trajectory to a one-dimensional orbit in field space, freezing the Goldstone direction and rendering the inflationary dynamics effectively single field. After inflation, the system settles on a Minkowski vacuum manifold. The unimodular integration constant, already present in the full theory but negligible during inflation, lifts the flat Goldstone direction, generating an exponential potential for the canonically normalised field. Unlike in phenomenological quintessence models, its slope is not a free DE parameter, but is instead fixed by the field-space geometry inherited from the inflationary attractor. This geometry excludes matter-era tracking and, throughout the inflationary viability region, places the field in the thawing regime compatible with accelerated expansion. For a representative inflationary benchmark, the now pseudo-Goldstone field remains frozen until close to the present epoch, yielding DE equation-of-state parameters (w0,wa)≃(-0.992,-0.011) in the CPL parametrisation w(a)=w0+wa(1-a). More generally, the same parameter controlling the inflationary spectral tilt also fixes the slope of the DE potential, leading to a tight correlation between early- and late-Universe observables: increasing the thawing signal lowers ns, while values of ns closer to unity drive the model towards ΛCDM.