2024/01/17 by Barış Semiz, Mehmet Ok, Mehmet OK +1 · 1 citation
Arts and Humanities · Earth and Planetary Sciences · #Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History #Archaeological evidence #Archaeological science #Archaeology #Archaeology and ancient environmental studies #Biotite #Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis #Feldspar #Geography #Geology #Hematite #Mica #Mineralogy #Paleontology #Plagioclase #Quartz #Slip (aerodynamics)
paper · doi:10.1111/arcm.12946
openalex publication_date 2024/01/17 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/25
Abstract In the present study, red slip wares excavated from the ancient city of Germanicia (modern Kahramanmaraş, Southeastern Anatolia) were subjected to an archaeometric analysis. A multi‐analytical approach was employed, including stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy, XRPD, SEM‐EDS, and XRF to explore the mineralogical and chemical compositions of the samples. Based on both archaeological and archaeometric criteria, the samples were classified into three main categories: African, Phocaean, and Sagalassos red slip wares. The African red slip wares were characterized by an abundance of coarse quartz inclusion, accompanied by lesser quantities of plagioclase and mica. The Phocaean red slip wares primarily consisted of quartz, feldspar, and mica. In contrast, the Sagalassos red slip wares featured a groundmass rich in quartz, mica/biotite, hematite, and opaque minerals. Thermoanalytical data indicated that all samples were fired at temperatures between 800 and 900°C. The results suggest that red slip wares found at Germanicia were not manufactured using local available clay sources but rather originated from different regions. This evidence further provides that Germanicia was actively involved in trade networks and interacted with various ancient urban centers, such as Africa, Phocaean, and Sagalassos, during the Late Roman Period, between the fourth and fifth centuries AD.