2023/02/15 by L. Y. Wu, Wu, L. Y., K. Y. Zhang +7 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2302.09096
openalex publication_date 2023/02/15 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Exotic spin-dependent interactions mediated by new light particles led to solutions to several important questions in modern physics. Such interactions involving a scalar coupling gSN at one vertex and a pseudo-scalar coupling gPn at the polarized neutron vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-0 bosons, or a vector/axial-vector coupling gVN/gAN at one vertex and an axial-vector coupling gAn at the polarized neutron vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-1 bosons. If such new interactions exist, the Sun and the Moon can induce sidereal variations of effective fields along the direction perpendicular to the Earth's rotation axis. We derived new experimental upper limits on such exotic spin-dependent interactions at astronomical interaction ranges by analyzing existing data from laboratory measurements on the Lorentz and CPT violation. We set the most stringent experimental limits on gSNgPn ranging from ∼ 2× 1010m to ∼ 1014m. Previously, the best limit on gSNgPn at this range is from astrophysics. The result is the first time laboratory limits surpass the astrophysical ones on the scalar-pseudoscalar type interaction, to our best knowledge. We report new constraints on vector-axial-vector and axial-axial-vector type interaction at the range of astronomical scales. The new limits on vector-axial-vector are improved by as much as ∼12 orders of magnitude. We also apply the analysis to the Hari-Dass interactions and obtain corresponding new constraints on the interactions. We discuss the possibilities of using the beam method to further search the interaction involving other particles, such as electrons, muons, etc., based on the same idea.