Value Orientations, Gender, and Environmental Concern
1993/09/01 by Paul C. Stern, Thomas Dietz, Linda Kalof · 2,155 citations
Business, Management and Accounting · Economics, Econometrics and Finance · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Psychology · #Action (physics) #Contingent valuation #Economic and Environmental Valuation #Economics #Environmental Education and Sustainability #Environmental Sustainability in Business #Environmental quality #Environmentalism #Epistemology #Mathematics #Microeconomics #Political science #Politics #Proposition #Psychology #Social psychology #Social value orientations #Valuation (finance) #Value (mathematics) #Willingness to pay
paper · doi:10.1177/0013916593255002
published in Environment and Behavior 25(5), 322-348 (SAGE Publishing)
openalex publication_date 1993/09/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract
A social-psychological model is developed to examine the proposition that environmentalism represents a new way of thinking. It presumes that action in support of environmental quality may derive from any of three value orientations: egoistic, social-altruistic, or biospheric, and that gender may be implicated in the relation between these orientations and behavior. Behavioral intentions are modeled as the sum across values of the strength of a value times the strength of beliefs about the consequences of environmental conditions for valued objects. Evidence from a survey of 349 college students shows that beliefs about consequences for each type of valued object independently predict willingness to take political action, but only beliefs about consequences for self reliably predict willingness to pay through taxes. This result is consistent with other recent findings from contingent valuation surveys. Women have stronger beliefs than men about consequences for self, others, and the biosphere, but there is no gender difference in the strength of value orientations.
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