2023/10/11 by Joy, Sandeep, Skinner, Brian · 5 citations
#FOS: Physical sciences #Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) #Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2310.07751
In Bernal bilayer graphene (BBG), a perpendicular displacement field flattens the bottom of the conduction band and thereby facilitates the formation of strongly-correlated electron states at low electron density. Here, we focus on the Wigner crystal (WC) state, which appears in a certain regime of sufficiently large displacement field, low electron density, and low temperature. We first consider a model of BBG without trigonal warping, and we show theoretically that Berry curvature leads to a new kind of WC state in which the electrons acquire a spontaneous orbital magnetization when the displacement field exceeds a critical value. We then consider the effects of trigonal warping in BBG, and we show that they lead to an unusual ``doubly re-entrant" behavior of the WC phase as a function of density. The rotational symmetry breaking associated with trigonal warping leads to a nontrivial ``minivalley order" in the WC state, which changes abruptly at a critical value of displacement field. In both cases, we estimate the phase boundary of the WC state in terms of density, displacement field, and temperature.