2019/02/13 by Jean‐Philippe Chancelier, Chancelier, Jean-Philippe, Michel De Lara +2
Engineering · Medicine · #Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications #Elasticity and Material Modeling #FOS: Mathematics #Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications #Optimization and Control (math.OC)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1902.04816
openalex publication_date 2019/02/13 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The so-called l0 pseudonorm on R d counts the number of nonzero components of a vector. It is well-known that the l0 pseudonorm is not convex, as its Fenchel biconjugate is zero. In this paper, we introduce a suitable conjugacy, induced by a novel coupling, Caprac, having the property of being constant along primal rays, like the l0 pseudonorm. The Caprac coupling belongs to the class of one-sided linear couplings, that we introduce. We show that they induce conjugacies that share nice properties with the classic Fenchel conjugacy. For the Caprac conjugacy, induced by the coupling Caprac, we prove that the l0 pseudonorm is equal to its biconjugate: hence, the l0 pseudonorm is Caprac-convex in the sense of generalized convexity. As a corollary, we show that the l0 pseudonorm coincides, on the sphere, with a convex lsc function. We also provide expressions for conjugates in terms of two families of dual norms, the 2-k-symmetric gauge norms and the k-support norms.