2009/04/14 by Hao Ge, Ge, Hao
Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics #Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) #FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) #Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0904.2059
openalex publication_date 2009/04/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
A general nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory is developed for time-dependent Langevin dynamics, starting from the common definition of nonequilibrium Gibbs entropy. It is shown that the notations appearing in the First and the Second Law of thermodynamics could be consistently applied to transient nonequilibrium processes. We find out a general equality representing the energy balance relation for the system, and further an explicit mathematical interpretation for the extended form of the Second Law is proposed, which only comes into existence in the time-dependent case. More applications to several classic thermodynamic processes are finally included.