2025/06/01 by Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Wanzhou, Zhang, Jie +2
#FOS: Physical sciences #Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2506.00804
Inspired by the experimental realization of direct Kagome spin ice [arXiv:2404.19377], the theoretical six-vertex model on the Kagome lattice is systematically simulated using the directed loop Monte Carlo method. Four distinct vortex lattice phases are identified: (i) Ferromagnetic leg states and vortex lattice order on both triangular and honeycomb faces, with a winding number k = 1 . (ii) Antiferromagnetic leg states and vortex lattice order on both types of faces, with k = -2 on the honeycomb faces and k = 1 on the triangular faces. (iii) Paramagnetic leg states and vortex lattice order on the triangular faces with k = 1 . (iv) Paramagnetic leg states and vortex lattice order on the honeycomb faces with k = 1 . As for ferromagnetic to different types of magnetic disorder phase, besides the Ising universality class with yt = 1 , a new critical exponent yt = 1.317(6) has also been found. The transition between the third and fourth types of vortex lattice phases occurs with the new exponent yt=1.340(3). The third and fourth types of the vortex lattice phase to the vortex disorder phase are found to be of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type. These findings contribute to the search for and understanding of ice on complex lattices.