Thermal Decomposition of LiPF[sub 6]-Based Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2005/01/01 by Christopher L. Campion, Christopher Campion, Wentao Li +1 · 30 citations
Engineering · #Advancements in Battery Materials #Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies #Advanced Battery Technologies Research

paper · doi:10.1149/1.2083267

Abstract

The thermal decomposition of lithium-ion battery electrolytes 1.0 M LiPF 6 in one or more carbonate solvents has been investigated. Electrolytes containing diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylene carbonate (EC), a 1:1 mixture of EC/dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and a 1:1:1 mixture EC/DMC/DEC have been investigated by multinuclear nuclear magnetic spectroscopy, gas chromatography with mass selective detection, and size exclusion chromatography. Thermal decomposition affords products including: carbon dioxide (CO 2), ethylene (CH 2CH 2), dialkylethers (R 2O), alkyl fluorides (RF), phosphorus oxyfiuoride (OPF3), fluorophosphates [OPF 2OR, OPF(OR) 2], fluorophosporic acids [OPF 2OH, OPF(OH) 2], and oligoethylene oxides. The mechanism of decomposition is similar in all LiPF 6/carbonate electrolytes. Trace protic impurities lead to generation of OPF 2OR, which autocatalytically decomposes LiPF 6 and carbonates. The presence of DEC leads to the generation of ethylene, while the presnce of EC leads to the generation of capped oligothylene oxides [OPF 2(OCH 2CH 2) nF]. © 2005 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Citations

• Surface Characterization of Electrodes from High Power Lithium-Ion Batteries

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