2000/10/07 by Edgar Paternina, Paternina, Edgar
Computer Science · Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Chaos, Complexity, and Education #Complex Systems and Dynamics #FOS: Physical sciences #General Physics (physics.gen-ph) #History and Theory of Mathematics #physics.gen-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.physics/0010022
31 pages, 10 figures, 1 table and equations
arxiv created 2000/10/07 · openalex publication_date 2000/10/07 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
A solution to the part and whole problem is presented in this paper by using a complex mathematical representation that permits to define the Holon concept as a Basic Unit System that remains itself in spite of complex operations such as integration and derivation. This can be done because of the remarkable isomorphic property of Euler Relation. We can then define a domain independent both of the observer and the object, as within it, the object is embedded. We will then be able to have a Quantum Mechanics solution without the "observer drawback", as Karl R. Popper tried to find all his life but from the philosophical point of view and which was Einstein main concern about QM too. A unit that has always similar or identical structure or form, despite even complex operations such as integration and derivation, is the ideal unit for the new sciences of complexity or just the systems sciences too, where structure or form, wholeness, organization, and complexity are main requirements. A table for validating the results obtained is presented in case of the pendulum formula.