2023/09/14 by Qingmu Liu, Liu, Qingmu, Yuhong Yang +9
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Neuroscience · #Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior #Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #FOS: Electrical engineering #Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation #Neuroscience and Music Perception #Sound (cs.SD) #electronic engineering #information engineering
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2309.07419
openalex publication_date 2023/09/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The Lombard effect refers to individuals' unconscious modulation of vocal effort in response to variations in the ambient noise levels, intending to enhance speech intelligibility. The impact of different decibel levels and types of background noise on Lombard effects remains unclear. Building upon the characteristic of Lombard speech that individuals adjust their speech to improve intelligibility dynamically based on the self-feedback speech, we propose a flavor classification approach for the Lombard effect. We first collected Mandarin Lombard speech under different noise conditions, then simulated self-feedback speech, and ultimately conducted the statistical test on the word correct rate. We found that both SSN and babble noise types result in four distinct categories of Mandarin Lombard speech in the range of 30 to 80 dBA with different transition points.