2022/05/24 by Jean-François Paquet, Paquet, Jean-François, Steffen A. Bass +1 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #hep-ph #nucl-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2205.12299
19 pages, 9 figures; focused paper on inverse slope rather than spectrum; extended discussion of the role of Doppler shift and non-thermal sources
arxiv created 2026/07/31 · arxiv updated 2026/08/03
Ultrarelativistic collisions of large nuclei produce a short-lived plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons. Of all the GeV-energy photons detected in these nuclear collisions, only a small number are emitted directly by the quark-gluon plasma. The characteristic near-exponential energy spectrum of these photons is often associated with an effective temperature whose interpretation is complicated by spacetime averaging, Doppler shifts and other factors. We show that the Doppler shift's effect on the slope of the photon spectrum is generally modest and can either increase or decrease the slope, in contrast to the commonly assumed blue-shifting of the photon spectrum. We make the case that a minimal degree of modelling of quark-gluon plasma expansion provides a reasonable mapping between the slope of the photon energy spectrum and the maximum temperature of the plasma, as long as the slope is extracted at a reasonably high photon energy and thermal photons can be isolated from non-thermal sources. Validating our approach using state-of-the-art numerical calculations of photon production, we highlight the challenges of contamination from non-thermal sources.